All About Epilepsy part 3

Many candidates for surgery have a disorder called  drug resistant epilepsy, also known as (DRE). This epilepsy is defined as the failure of at least two anti-seizure medications. Neurologists also refer to DRE as “intractable” or “refractory” epilepsy. DRE is a very common diagnosis among those with epilepsy. Around one-third of adults and 20-25% of children have drug resistant epilepsy. For those with epilepsy, as well as drug resistant epilepsy, medication does not have to be the only option. Some alternative resources include but are not limited to, CBD, medical marijuana (in some cases), life changes such as improving diet , (ketogenic diet is highly recommended ), regular exercise,quality sleep, and avoid high stress or any triggers.The most common triggers include lack of sleep, flashing lights, overstimulation, heat, hormones, sickness, loud noises, caffeine, alcohol, anxiety, bloodsugar, dehydration, and missed medication.  Mozart’s sonata for two pianos in D major ( known as K448), is often referred to as the “Mozart effect” because it is known to have an effect of reducing seizures. The Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is another great option for those with epilepsy. The VNS is implanted below the collarbone area in an outpatient office. While the VNS may not completely eliminate seizures, seizure time is reduced and the recovery period (post ictal) drastically improves. (I know for sure because I have one). Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) is a small device placed in the bone covering the brain. Wires or leads are placed on top of the brain where seizure activity takes place. After everything is accurately placed, everything will then be covered. Similar to the VNS, the RNS will monitor brain waves and send small bursts of stimulation to the brain if any unusual activity is detected that could be a seizure. The RNS does not have to be permanent and can be removed or turned off if desired. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is done by implanting  tiny electrodes deep in the brain. Like the VNS, once the surgery is complete, it is programmed  in an outpatient setting. The DBS reduces the frequency and severity of focal seizures, and helps treat drug resistant seizures. This neuromodulator has the ability to analyze brain activity to deliver the necessary electrical stimulation to the brain. Just like the VNS, and RNS, the DBS procedure is reversible, or can simply be turned off. If the thought of brain surgery concerns you, there is a less invasive solution. Laser ablation ( also known as Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy – LITT). Unlike the traditional craniotomy (temporary removal of bone flap) this robotic laser surgery is done using MRI guided lasers allowing neurosurgeons to target lesions that could be the potential cause of seizures. Once the source of seizures is pinpointed, the neurosurgeon is able to use laser ablation to excise the source. Once the surgery is complete, depending on the size of the area being treated, you should be able to go home the same day. A final, more intense option for epilepsy treatment is the feared brain surgery.